Automated Trading

Automated trading, known also as algorithmic trading, involves programming a set of rules which a computer system follows to open and close orders on your behalf. Automated trading is offered by many platforms and apps in the UK, and investors can access major markets like forex and crypto using algorithmic strategies. Our guide explains how automated trading works and which brokers and software offer the service, including MetaTrader 4 (MT4).

Automated Trading Explained

The simple definition: an investment strategy where clients set up a program of parameters like price and amount, which if met will trigger the execution of a specific trade.

For example, a trader could instruct the system to enter a long position of 50 lots of EUR/USD if it rises above 1.500, or to buy Google shares if the price falls lower than the 20-day moving average. In theory, automated trading results in a strategy based on data and not emotional sentiment, meaning that earnings may increase for both beginners and experienced investors. Systems are also able to monitor market volatility much more broadly, so can detect changes and respond more rapidly than a human.

Automated systems include Expert Advisors (EAs) and trading robots. Robots automatically place market orders based on the set algorithms discussed above. EAs offer the client trading signals, which are alerts about a potential order opportunity, that a user can manually act on or have the EA place automatically depending on their set-up. Copy trading is another form of automated investing that allows users to replicate the strategies and positions of successful traders.

To get started at home, clients should select an online broker that allows order execution with robots.

Markets

Algorithmic strategies can be used across the majority of markets that offer manual trading. It is particularly popular with forex brokers and in futures markets, though bots are also used with cryptocurrency exchanges, hedge funds, ETFs, CFDs, and for options and commodities. Automated stock and gold trading systems are also utilised at high volume, for example buying and selling on the ASX or NSE stock exchanges.

How To Create An Automated Trading Bot

Building an automated trading system requires coding knowledge, whether you start from scratch or use a program to help you. Robot software is readily available in the UK and many of those with positive reviews offer free trial periods. Artificial intelligence (AI) is also becoming widely used in automated trading software. You may also decide to hire a developer to create the program, which could match your requirements more closely but might carry extra expense compared to buying a robot directly.

An automated trading robot, or bot, can be created in any programming language – some users prefer Python as it can eventually allow your bot to use machine learning. However some platforms require the program to be written in a specific language, for example MetaTrader systems must use MQL.

Users should then pick a broker for automated trading, a choice which depends on the assets you wish to buy/sell and on whether they have an open-source API – this is critical for your bot to be functional. After selecting a host server for the bot, e.g. a cloud or even a Raspberry Pi, you are ready to start creating an automated trading system.

Automated Trading With Python

Many users choose to create their automated trading bot using Python. This language is prevalent in the algorithmic space as it gives access to excellent frameworks for using machine and reinforcement learning in the future. Programmers can usually find API documentation, e.g. for stock trading, using Python on Github.

Other languages like R and Java are popular in the development of bots. MATLAB and artificial neural networks have also been applied to generate these systems, and they can even be created from Excel.

Best Automated Trading Software & Brokers

Automated trading is now offered by a wide range of brokers and companies. Below we cover some popular choices.

MT4

Automated trading in the MetaTrader4 (MT4) platform, as well as the updated MetaTrader 5 (MT5) solution, is performed using Expert Advisors (EAs). Clients can either buy EAs directly from the platforms marketplace or can opt to program their own bots using the system’s programming language, MQL4. Reviews for this software are generally excellent, and it often appears in top five lists for automated investing systems. Traders can find many tutorials and forums online to get started.

Potential users may also be interested in MultiCharts, a similar offering to MT4 that was created with algorithmic strategies in mind.

NinjaTrader

Regulated by the National Futures Association (NFA), NinjaTrader 8 is a dedicated platform for automated trading strategies. It allows clients to create or purchase systems, and then execute orders either with the NinjaTrader brokerage or another partner broker like TD Ameritrade. Traders can use the key aspects of NinjaTrader 8 free of charge, but may also choose to rent or own the platform to access more advanced features and lower commission rates.

Robinhood

Robinhood is a platform where clients can trade stocks, ETFs, or options commission-free and with no account minimum. Building an automated trading system in this platform requires an API, which is available from the firm in Python via Github. Potential clients with little coding experience should note that automated trading on Robinhood appears to have no technical support from the firm, and may be better suited to advanced programmers.

Zerodha

The Zerodha technology suite includes several trading platforms, which offer free equity delivery and mutual fund investments alongside stocks, futures and options. Fully automated trading using Zerodha is possible using the online Kite platform with the Kite Connect API, available on Github. The firm provides an in-depth video tutorial on their website. Traders can also install Zerodha Pi, the software platform offering, to access additional features.

Interactive Brokers

Interactive Brokers is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and advertises the lowest costs in the industry. The firm also offers its own desktop platform named Trader Workstation (TWS), and a trading app for iPhone and Android called IBKR Mobile.

Several programming languages including Java and DDE for Excel are supported on the TWS API, which is the connection that makes automated trading with Interactive Brokers possible. The broker also offers Capitalise.ai, a subscription that allows traders to generate algorithmic strategies without coding.

Thinkorswim

Clients with TD Ameritrade can use the thinkorswim platform to make trades on a wide array of assets including stocks, options, and ETFs on a commission-free basis, plus futures, forex, and mutual funds. Automated trading is possible with the algorithm panel in thinkorswim, which is used for selecting trigger conditions, and more complex strategies can be achieved by writing manual code.

TradingView

TradingView is a social trading network for stocks, futures, and forex markets. Clients can start automated trading on TradingView by creating a bot in the PineScript language, with a set of predefined conditions. The bot can then be automated with the Wunderbit Trading platform by connecting to the API and linking the bot with a TradingView signal.

Cryptocurrency Exchanges

Automated trading robots and platforms for cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin and XRP are particularly popular, as the crypto asset market runs 24/7 and system bots can also operate round the clock. Automated Bitcoin trading in the UK is done on exchanges such as Binance, Coinbase Pro, and Kraken – clients have access to established bots like Cryptohopper or 3commas if they do not wish to create their own. These bots cost around $20 per month, often require no installation, and can even alter the automated trading strategy based on market news.

Other Brokers

Many more brokers offer automated forex and stock trading with at least a public API – these include Oanda, Degiro, IQ option, IG, eToro, XTB, JForex, TradeStation, Trading 212, eTrade, Questrade, Fidelity, Zorro, Tradovate, and QuantShare. Brokers that offer useful tools such as a trading journal to keep track of algorithmic investments are beneficial.

Automated Trading Strategies

Time-Series Momentum/Mean Reversion

This concept, sometimes called trend-following, involves using the past price return of an asset to predict its future values. In time-series momentum, it is expected that the future price will follow the same trend as previously observed, and in mean-reversion it is anticipated to go in the opposite direction.

Dollar-Cost Averaging

This strategy involves investing money into an asset bit by bit instead of all at once, to reduce the effect of volatility. By using smaller and similar amounts periodically, you could avoid investing all your capital at high price points.

Day Trading Automation

Many day trading approaches can be automated, including popular systems like the gap-up momentum strategy. This idea is used when a financial instrument opens considerably higher or lower than it closed on the previous day, which generates momentum that can be exploited as not all instruments will keep rising.

Clients can evaluate the viability of their automated trading strategies using backtesting, which applies the set parameters to previous market data.

How To Start Automated Trading

Clients should start by selecting a broker, and taking into account how much automation they want readily available. For example, Interactive Brokers clients can create automated strategies without involving any code, whereas traders with brokers like Robinhood would have to be experienced in programming languages to use algorithmic methods.

After signing up with the chosen broker and depositing funds, your strategies can be operational straight away. Beginners might first consider copy trading, which is an automated form of execution that copies the orders of other investors with a successful track record. This does not require the more complex set up of a trading robot and may make clients more comfortable with the risk associated with an automated process.

It’s also worth checking out the multiple books and online courses available to get a boosting approach to automated trading.

Pros Of Automated Trading

• Reduces emotional impact – where humans may become hesitant after losing trades or over-confident after winning, bots simply adhere to the predetermined criteria and execute orders when these are met
• Faster and simultaneous order execution – bots can place trades more rapidly than humans, operate 24/7 and execute multiple orders at once which is critical in fast-moving markets
• Backtesting – applying the strategy you have developed to historical data allows you to assess the validity of the set parameters, which can help to improve profits by fixing issues before trading with real funds
• Diverse portfolio – as bots can monitor several assets, markets, and strategies at once it encourages the traders’ portfolio to widen and also mitigates risk as capital is spread over many instruments
• Legal – UK laws do not prohibit the use of automated trading strategies

Cons Of Automated Trading

• Monitoring still required – automated systems are vulnerable to IT issues like internet crashes just as a computer operating manual trading would be, and as such should be monitored so any problems can be rectified swiftly
• Needs technical knowledge and experience – automation requires considerable trading and programming expertise, and it is best to consider especially as a beginner whether it would be beneficial compared to manual strategies
• Perfecting strategies in backtesting – testing your automated system and adjusting it to be entirely profitable based on previous market data is not a guarantee that it will fare well as a live strategy, and so initial automated trades should always be relatively small

Final Word On Automated Trading

Automated trading systems, or bots, work by adhering to a pre-programmed set of parameters and will execute orders if the parameters are met. Markets like cryptocurrency and forex are popular with these algorithm bots, alongside platforms such as MT4. Bots can be created from scratch using languages like Python or can be purchased and optimised using software. Although these strategies remove the human emotional aspects of trading and can execute orders simultaneously 24/7, they require a lot of technical expertise, and orders must still be checked frequently.

FAQs

Further Reading